ABSTRACT
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the pattern of medical services changed to minimize transmission to health care workers (HCWs) or hospitalized patients. Despite the care of COVID-19 patients in a special ward, new cases are accidentally discovered. This study aimed at determining the antibody seroprevalence among asymptomatic HCWs and the associated risks. Methods: The study involved 190 participants, including physicians, nurses, technicians, and administrative staff. All were inquired for sociodemographic, specialty, previous isolation, and previous infection, and their blood was tested for SARS-CoV2 antibody. Results: Of 190 HCWs;72,1% were females, the mean age was 32.6±7.9 years, 10.5% were smokers, and 15.8% reported co-morbid illness. SARS CoV2 antibodies were found in 68 (35.8%);being IgG, IgM and both IgM and IgG in 47 (69.1%), 10 (14.7%) and 11 (16.2%) participants respectively. The prevalence was higher (47.6%) among HCWs of the COVID unit, [OR=1.7 (95% CI: 0.69-4.3)] and HCWs with previous COVID-19, OR:1.61 (95% CI:0.88-2.94). The prevalence was significantly lower among smokers (p=0.049), OR:0.29 (95% CI:0.08-1.01), and significantly higher in HCWs who recalled cough (p=0.036) OR: 1.97 (95% CI: 1.05-3.69). The likelihood of antibody seropositivity increased in technicians [OR:2.02 (95% CI: 0.92-4.44)], followed by physicians [OR:1.7 (95% CI: 0.7-4.33)] while the odds ratio was low among nurses [OR:0.58 (95% CI: 0.32-1.07). Conclusion: A considerable proportion of antibody positive HCWs had evidence of past SARS CoV2. Provision of adequate personal protective equipment and periodic screening of HCWs are urgently needed to lessen the transmission within the health care settings. © 2020 The author (s).
ABSTRACT
Background: The use of vaccines is still a crucial defence against the COVID-19 outbreak. Pfizer-BioNTech One of the first vaccinations to reach Iraq was the COVID-19 vaccine, which has grown immensely popular due to its great efficiency. The World Health Organization announced the release of various COVID-19 vaccinations in September 2020. The Pfizer mRNA vaccine was given emergency approval on December 31, 2020. According to the study, the Pfizer vaccination had a 95% success rate. The prevalence of local side effects was higher with the mRNA-based vaccinations (e.g., injection site pain). However, a significant obstacle in the fight against the spread of the coronavirus is the public's vaccination scepticism of the current vaccines. Methods: This cohort study was done between October 2021 and May 2022 to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) side effects among individuals who visited primary health care centres in Najaf. Participants were Iraqis from the Governorate of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf. After the first and second doses of the COVID19 vaccine administered by Pfizer, individuals aged 18 to 50 or older who got the vaccine were monitored at varying intervals. Results: In this study, regarding the side effects of people vaccinated with the Pfizer/ BioNTech vaccine, some side effects were found, the most common of which are injection site pain after the first dose, but after the second dose, the symptoms decreased and seemed to be less than the first dose the temperature became the most common. Conclusions: The most often reported side effects included injection site reactions, myalgia, fever, headache tiredness, and chills. Most symptoms ranged in severity from mild to moderate. © 2022, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a public health emergency on January 30, 2020. Mass vaccination programs are needed to boost population immunity and prevent COVID-19 pandemic impacts. In this research, we used the Pfizer BioNTech vaccine, which Iraqis prefer above others. Pfizer and BioNTech's BNT162b2 was 95% effective in preventing COVID-19 symptoms and almost 100% effective at preventing severe COVID-19 or hospitalizations, and the US FDA authorized its first EUA on December 11, 2020. Methods: This cohort study was conducted in Al-Manathira Health Center in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate from (October 2021 to May 2022). 75 samples (55 males and 20 females) with or without previous infections were collected, and these samples were divided into five groups according to age (18-50 and over). We collected three venous blood samples from the vaccinated. Results: A serological analysis to measure SARS-CoV-2 S1 -RBD IgG and neutralizing antibodies NAbs to SARS-CoV-2 was done by using the CLIA technique SARS-CoV-2 kits, China, which was carried out in the Najaf Specialized Laboratory for Pathological Analysis. In this study, neutralizing antibody (NAbs) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels after two doses of Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine increased at a level of 0.05 (p = 0.00001). Conclusions: This study concluded that there were high and gradually increasing concentrations of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and IgG after two doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. © 2022, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
This research aims to demonstrate the nature and concept of the Corona pandemic, its implications for the global economy, and the management and performance of companies in particular. Additionally, the research intends to measure the impact of the Corona pandemic on companies' financial performance. Listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange, which has finished compiling its year-end financial statements for 2019-2020. The investigation arrived at several findings, the most significant of which was that most businesses were not prepared for such a crisis technologically or to develop human resources to deal with this pandemic. In addition, most companies experienced a decrease in their financial performance as a direct result of the Corona pandemic, as indicated by the findings of the investigated financial performance indicators. Finally, the research resulted in several recommendations, the most important of which is that businesses should invest more in technology and the development of human resources to prepare for such crises in the future and that the government should provide support for companies that were impacted by the pandemic by waiving taxes, removing customs duties, and providing banking facilities from the Central Bank. © 2022, Association Res Militaris. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine the responses to the fundraising during the COVID- 19 pandemic, to support the efforts of government in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), to counter the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative survey instrument was developed, validated, and administered. A total of 113 usable responses were obtained, by using the snowballing sampling technique. Hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) was employed to run the study model and significant results were obtained. The results revealed that all the components were positive and did have significant association with donors' attitudes towards fundraising appeal for countering the COVID-19 pandemic. It also demonstrated the moderating and significant effect of ethics on the attitude of donors' responses. This study is probably the first study to focus on fundraising attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic in KSA.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the incidence of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Iraq, at Al-Shifa Medical Center-Medical City, Baghdad. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis that was performed for the period from 1 March to 30 April 2020. A handy random sample of 54 patients, comprising 40 males and 14 females, was taken from Al-Shifa Medical Center-Medical City, Bagdad. In different locations in the city of Baghdad and outside the capital. Their ages ranged from 20 to 74 years. Results: The prevalence of CONVID-19 with positive real-Time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) results was (87.04 per cent) negative (12.96 per cent) relative to the signs/symptoms of the disease recorded in the study (64.81 per cent). The highest proportion of male patients was between 42 and 52 years of age and hospitalization intervals were high-frequency (25, 46.3 per cent) for days (5-9) with (74.07 per cent) no need for a respiratory care unit and, overall, the frequency of death was 27.78 per cent and the rate of cure was 72.22 per cent. Conclusion: In this observational study, the prevalence of CONVID-19 was higher in the mean age of 46.69 years, males had a higher incidence rate of disease than females and, overall, a viral outbreak in Baghdad-Al-Rusafa was high frequency relative to Baghdad-Alkarkh and outside the capital as well, with a death-To-cure ratio was (0.38).